What are the different types of non-woven fabrics?

What are the types of non-woven fabrics? There are many types of non-woven fabrics. The exact name of non-woven fabric should be non-woven fabric, or non-woven fabric. Because it is a fabric that does not need spinning and weaving to form, it only needs to orient or randomly arrange short or long fibers to form a fiber network structure, and then use mechanical, thermal bonding or chemical methods to consolidate it. Non-woven fabrics break through the traditional textile principles and have the characteristics of short process flow, fast production speed, high output, low cost, wide application, and multiple raw material sources.

I. Hydrononwoven Fabric

Hydroentanglement technology is to spray high-pressure micro-fine water flow onto one or more layers of fiber web, so that the fibers are entangled with each other, so that the fiber web is consolidated and has a certain strength.
The hydroentanglement process is similar to other dry non-woven fabrics. It needs to go through raw material preparation, opening and mixing, combing and netting (or air-laid netting or cross-folding netting), hydroentanglement consolidation, finishing, drying, winding, finished product cutting inspection and packaging and warehousing. The netting method of hydroentanglement fabric can be dry netting, wet netting, or even melt-blown spinning one-step netting.

Common hydroentanglement process: fiber metering - opening and mixing - combing and netting - hydroentanglement of the front and back sides of the fiber web (requires strict water treatment) - drying - winding.
Hydroentanglement principle: The fiber web is conveyed by a conveying web curtain or metal web curtain, and pre-wetted by a pre-wetting device (roller or water curtain) and pre-hydroentanglement, then enters the hydroentanglement zone. In the hydroentanglement zone, the fiber web is subjected to the jetting of extremely fine high-pressure water jets from several hydroentanglement devices. The surface fibers are vertically impacted into the fiber web due to the strong impact. At the same time, because the conveying curtain has a three-dimensional structure, the water flow passes through the fiber web and impacts the conveying web curtain, and then reflects back at different angles, forming a reverse impact on the fibers, causing the fibers to displace in different directions, making the fibers in the fiber web interlock and closely bond together to form a wet non-woven fabric with a certain strength. The water flow after multiple reflections is removed by the hydroentanglement device and the vacuum water absorption tank under the conveying web curtain due to the reduced energy and pressure, and then reused after being treated by the filtration and circulation system. The wet non-woven fabric is dried after vacuum dehydration and enters the drying device to become a fabric after drying.

Hydroentanglement fabric is formed by using high-pressure water jets to spray the laid fibers to make the fibers entangled.
After the fibers are combed and flattened by the combing machine, they are laid on the conveyor belt by the laying machine, and finally entangled by high-pressure water jets to form. After forming, it is also necessary to pass through a high-temperature drying machine and finally rolled into a hydroentanglement fabric roll.

According to different patterns, hydroentanglement non-woven fabrics are also classified into plain weave straight laying and cross printing, and the general raw material components are VISCOSE viscose and POLYESTER polyester, with different contents of each component.

II. Thermal Bonding Non-Woven Fabric

Thermally bonded non-woven fabrics refer to non-woven fabrics in which fibrous or powdery thermoplastic bonding reinforcing materials are added to the fiber web, and the fiber web is then heated, melted, and cooled to consolidate the fabric.

III. Pulp Air-Laid Non-Woven Fabric

Air-laid non-woven fabrics can also be called dust-free paper or dry-process paper non-woven fabrics. It uses air-laid technology to open wood pulp fiber boards into single fibers, and then uses air flow to make the fibers agglomerate on the netting curtain, and the fiber web is then consolidated into a fabric.

IV. Wet-Laid Non-Woven Fabric

Wet-laid non-woven fabrics are made by opening fiber raw materials placed in an aqueous medium into single fibers, while mixing different fiber raw materials to form a fiber suspension slurry, which is transported to the netting mechanism, and the fibers are netted and consolidated in a wet state to form a fabric.

V. Spunbond Non-Woven Fabric

Spunbond non-woven fabrics are made by extruding and stretching the polymer to form continuous filaments, laying the filaments into a web, and then using self-bonding, thermal bonding, chemical bonding, or mechanical consolidation methods to turn the web into a non-woven fabric.

VI. Meltblown Non-Woven Fabric

The process of meltblown non-woven fabric: polymer feeding - melt extrusion - fiber formation - fiber cooling - netting - consolidation into fabric.

VII. Needle-Punched Non-Woven Fabric

Needle-punched non-woven fabric is a kind of dry non-woven fabric. Needle-punched non-woven fabric is to consolidate a fluffy fiber web into a fabric by using the piercing action of needles.

VIII. Stitch-Bonded Non-Woven Fabric

Stitch-bonded non-woven fabric is a kind of dry non-woven fabric. Stitch-bonding is to use warp-knitted loop structures to consolidate fiber webs, yarn layers, non-woven materials (such as plastic sheets, plastic thin metal foils, etc.) or their combinations to produce non-woven fabrics.